From XIVth century, famine, epidemics and plunderers will decimate Vallauris, so that at the XVth century, the city becomes an uninhabited place.
Thanks to the efforts of the lerins’ abbots, inhabitants of Ligurie will settle and repopulate Vallauris starting from the beginning of XVIth century. Mills, furnaces, ramparts, as well as house-ramparts, and even a hospital are built.
Having taken extension and able to ensure its own defense at the begining of Rebirth, Vallauris is both ready to take part to the economic raising and to contribute to repopulate the coastal tape which will be, four hundred years later, the Riviera.
The reasons of this rise are primarily due to the economic possibilities offered to the inhabitants. Red clays are used by  potters whose furnaces are supplied by trees of the forests of the community. The richness of the grounds will allow new cultures and  orange tree, in particular, appears at that time. The sharing of the grounds makes it possible to provide for the food needs for each one. The breeding provides milk and meat. As for the edge of sea, Gourjan (Gulf-Juan), finds its vocation, and develops a small fishing industry.

Vallauris is a place of meeting in which rub shoulders with artists and craftsmen. One finds there pottery of art, parts single, great names such as Capron, Collet, Derval, Valentine, Boncompain, Koenig, Marais…, as well as culinary pottery, and many decorative objects…
Today, the international biennal of Ceramics of Art testifies to the strength of this craft.

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